Acute Renal Failure

ARF is defined as the potentially reversible, rapid decline in the excretory function of the kidney which develops over hours to days leading to retention of nitrogenous waste products and the consequent clinical conditions.
 

So in kidney failure the filtering capacity of kidney is lost and there is the accumulation of waste products in the blood.

Symptoms

• Oliguria-decreased urine output
• Patient commonly presents with symptoms related to hypovolemia, including thirst, dizziness and orthostatic hypotension.
• Fatigue
• Nausea
• Swelling of feet and ankle
• Evidence of excessive fluid lost through GI tract, hemorrhage. Sweating or renal loss may be present. In advanced cases, the patient may have cardiac arrest.

Investigation

1. Urine analysis
2. Complete blood cell count and peripheral smear
3. Blood urea and serum creatinine
4. Urinary electrolytes
5. Ultrasound examinations
6. Serological test

Treatment

General measures

Restrict fluid intake

Avoid salt and salted items

Intake of sodium, potassium, and protein should be restricted

Daily recording of-

• Fluid intake
• Urine output
• Blood pressure
• Body weight
• Blood urea
• Serum electrolytes

In severe cases, dialysis is necessary, and it depends upon the condition of the patient and the blood level of potassium and creatinine values.

Homeopathic treatment

Treatment should be hospital based because frequent checking of urine output, blood pressure, and Serum creatinine is needed. Moreover fluid intake and urine output ratio chart should be maintained. Since it being an acute complaint symptomatic management is the rule. For these present symptoms and some physical symptoms like thirst, desires and aversions, are taken. Usual medicines are Apis, Digitalis, Zingiber, Ars alb, etc.

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